Millstone-face



(ModeL) G; A. COLE-S.

MILLSTONE I AGE No. 244,189. Patented July 12,1881.

ATTORNEYS.

N4 PEIERS. Phow-Lillmgnphor. Washingwm D. c

PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE A. COLES, OF MIDDLETOWN, CONNECTICUT.

M l LLSTO N'E-FAC E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 244,189, dated July 12,1881.

Application filed July 22, I880. (Model) To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE AUGUSTUS COLES, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Middletown, in the county of Middlesex and State ofConnecticut, have invented a new and useful Improvement in MillstoneDress, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description,reference being had to the drawings hereto annexed.

The object of my invention is to save middlings by preventing thegranules formed in the furrows from being crushed or pulverized by thelands as the said middlings make their way toward the skirts of thestones.

My invention consists in connecting the main furrows of a millstone bychannels made severally at right angles to a given radius of the face ofthe stone, and being limited in extent by said furrows and distributedover the working-surface of the stone from the bosom to the skirtthereof, as hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a plan view of a portion of amillstone illustrating my improvement; Fig. 2, a sectional elevationtaken through the line aat, Fig. 1; and Fig. 3, a sectional elevationtaken through the line y y, Fig. 1.

During recent years the science of milling has materially changed, andthe methods formerly considered satisfactory are now almost entirelyabandoned, while new ones are being adopted to meet the requirements ofthe state of the art brought about by the progressive development of thepurification of middlings, so that every system which leads topulverization instead of granulation of wheat between millstones isbeing rejected by the more advanced millers. It is necessary under anyknown system, in order to produce granules or middlings, to have but asmall proportion of the face left for lands, as it will be readily seenthat the movement of the stone over the grain across the lands, if thelands are in large proportion, must pulverize all the farina which comesbetween said lands, and at the same time a considerable percentage ofthe husk and woody fiber found in wheat.

Referring to the drawings, A represents a portion of a millstone, ofwhich B is the eye, C the bosom, D the furrows, E the lands, and F theskirt. The bosom C extends from the eye about one-third the distance tothe skirt, and is deeply recessed, thus enabling the grain to passfreely between the stones, and allowin g all necessary ventilation. Thefurrows D, as usually constructed, are in the proportion of about sixtyto the stone, thus making the lands E very narrow, and are constructedwith a slight obliquity with respect to the radii of the stone, in orderthat the centrifugal tendency of the granules may be checkedsufficiently to allow of their perfect formation and purification beforepassing out at the skirt. Across the lands E, and severally at rightangles with a given radius of the face of the stone, are formed smoothshallow channels G, which are so arranged in the direction of motionthat they can have no grinding or pulverizing effect, as they wouldnecessarily have if they were made at right angles with the furrows, orin any other direction than the direction of motion. The channels G aremade of only sufficientwidth and depth to allow the granules of themiddlings to pass through them without being pulverized, and arearranged closely together, so as to leave just face enough upon thelandsto clean the bran without a secondary process.

With this construction,when the-millstones are at work, the kernels ofgrain are crushed in the furrows D and the granules of the middlingspass along the furrows D, through the channels G to the next furrows D,along the said furrows D to the next channels G, through the saidchannels G to the next furrows D, and so on, as they are impelled by themotion of the stones and by the centrifugal force engendered by the saidmotion, to the skirts of the stones, where they pass out. In this waythe granules of middlings are kept from being crushed and pulverized toflour, so that a larger yield of middlings with their granules in moreperfect shape will be obtained than has heretofore been possible. Theflour will be removed from the bran also as it passes between themillstones, thus obviating the necessity of passing the bran throughrolls or submitting it to any secondary process, thereby obtaining agreater yield and better grade of flour from first bolting, besides alarger percentage of highergrade flour from middlin gs withcorrespondingly improved quality.

I am aware that it is a common thing to connect the main furrows of amillstone by drift-channels of various arrangement; but heretofore suchchannels have been constructed with such a degree of obliquity withrespect to the line of motion that the tendency has been to crush thegranules instead of passing them out in a pure and perfect condition.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- In combination with the main furrows of amillstone-face, the channels G, made severally at right angles to agiven radius of the face of the stone, and being limited in extent bysaid furrows and distributed over the work- 1 5 ing-surface of the stonefrom the bosom to the skirt thereof, substantially as shown anddescribed, whereby the pulverization of the granules shall be preventedas they pass from furrow to furrow, as set forth.

GEORGE AUGUSTUS OOLES. Witnesses:

FRANK B. WEEKS, UHAs. G. R. VINAL.

